1. Water treatment: scale inhibition for boiler/cooling water, hard water softening
2. Textile printing and dyeing: metal ion masking, dyeing auxiliary, anti-spotting
3. Daily chemicals & cosmetics: preservative enhancement, anti-oxidation, stabilizer
4. Food industry: color retention, fresh-keeping, prevention of oxidative deterioration (permitted by national standards)
5. Pharmaceutical: heavy metal detoxification, anticoagulant, injection stabilizer
6. Paper making, electroplating & rubber: metal removal, electroplating brightener, vulcanization activation
7.Analytical chemistry: standard reagent for metal titration, masking agent